Iran (Islamic Republic of)

adapted to coast and plan steps with < 250 mm rain and hot, humid summers (up to 41 °C) and moderate winters (as low as 1 °C). Critical period is summer.

adapted to mountains, foothills and foothill steps with < 250 mm rain and hot, dry summers (up to 35 °C) and moderate winter (as low as 1 °C). Critical period is summer.

adapted to mountains with rain fed foothills and foothill steps with < 340 mm rain, hot, dry summers (up to 42 °C) and cold winters(as low as -32 °C), with abundant snow covering the soil. Critical period is winter.

adapted to coast and plan steps with < 400 mm rain, hot summer (up to 41 °C) and moderate winter (as low as 1 °C). Critical period is summer.

adapted to mountains with rain fed foothills and foothill steps with < 950 mm rain, moderate and humid summer and cold winters (as low as -20 °C), with snow covering the soil. Critical period is winter.

The animals survive in a very arid desert region with sparse vegetation.